Enfermedades importadas en España: dificultades en la atención sanitaria / Imported diseases in Spain: difficulties in health care

Introducción: En España, desde el 2000 hasta el 2010, existían medidas que fomentaban la igualdad en salud y acceso a los servicios sanitarios de la población inmigrante. Con el inicio de la crisis y las reducciones del gasto público en salud, se instauraron medidas, que no solo tienen consecuencias negativas para este colectivo sino también para la salud pública en general, viéndose en aumento el número de casos de enfermedades importadas, también relacionadas con el aumento de viajes internacionales.Objetivos: Evaluar la presencia de enfermedades importadas en España y conocer la problemática del inmigrante en el Sistema Sanitario. Método: Revisión bibliográfica de estudios en lengua inglesa y castellana publicados entre 2007 y 2017 recogidos varias bases de datos y en informes de instituciones y organizaciones científicas.Resultados: Se obtuvo un total de 173 artículos indexados en las bases de datos. De estos, 32 se ajustaron a los criterios de inclusión, de los que se seleccionaron 15 para responder a los objetivos.15 producciones se adaptaron al objetivo del presente estudio. Los estudios afirman que los movimientos poblacionales como migraciones o a viajes internacionales, elevan la presencia de enfermedad importada en España. Esto junto con las medidas legislativas impuestas por el gobierno en materia de sanidad, dificultan al inmigrante irregular la posibilidad de acceder al Sistema Sanitario español. Destacan además otras dificultades para el inmigrante como son el idioma y el desconocimiento del correcto acceso y uso de las prestaciones sanitarias.Conclusión: Todo esto, crea desconfianza en el inmigrante, el cual aplaza el contacto con el servicio sanitario, pudiendo llegar a ocasionar un grave problema en la salud pública, principalmente por el retraso en el diagnóstico, tratamiento y seguimiento de enfermedades infecciosas importadas

Introduction: In Spain, from 2000 to 2010, there were measures that promoted equality in health and permitted access to health services for the immigrant population. Because of the economic crisis and the reductions in public expenditure on health, security measures were put in place, which not only had negative consequences for this group, also for public health in general. Therefore, the number of imported diseases cases have increased in direct relation to international travels.Objectives: To evaluate the presence of imported diseases in Spain and to know the problem of the immigrant in the Health System.Method: the literature review of studies in English and Spanish published between 2007 and 2017, including several databases and reports from institutions and scientific organizations.Results: A total of 173 articles indexed in the databases were obtained. 32 of these articles were adjusted to the inclusion criteria, of which 15 were selected to respond to the objectives. The studies affirm that population movements such as migrations or international trips, increase the presence of imported diseases in Spain. In addition, legislative measures imposed by the government on health matters, complicate access to the Spanish Health System for irregular immigrants. They also highlight other difficulties for the immigrant, such as the language and the lack of knowledge of the correct access and use of health services.Conclusion: The sum of all the above mentioned, creates lack of confidence in the immigrant, which postpones contact with the health service, and may lead to a serious problem in public health, mainly due to the delay in the diagnosis, treatment, and monitoring of imported infectious diseases

Educación sanitaria pra enfermería sobre la epidermólisis bullosa / Education on health nursing epidermolysis bullosa

Introducción. La epidermólisis bullosa es una enfermedad de baja prevalencia caracterizada por la formación de ampollas tanto en el exterior del cuerpo como en el interior. El desconocimiento de esta enfermedad rara por parte del personal sanitario supone un problema para los afectados y sus familiares a la hora de aplicar los cuidados necesarios. Existen recursos escasos para su tratamiento. Objetivo. Dar a conocer a los profesionales las características, el tratamiento y los cuidados de la epidermólisis bullosa. Material y método. Estudio con metodología cualitativa y orientación teórica fundamentada. Resultados. Recolección de las actuaciones más relevantes de enfermería sobre los cuidados y la atención sanitaria integral del paciente y su familia. Conclusión. Dar a conocer las medidas paliativas para la epidermólisis bullosa (AU)

Introduction. The epidermolysis bullosa is a disease of low prevalence characterized by the formation of blister both in the exterior and in the interior of the body. The ignorance of this rare disease on the part of the sanitary personnel implies a problem for the affected ones and his relatives, at the moment of applying the necessary cares. There ara scanty resources for its treatment. Objective. To publish to the sanitary personnel the characteristics, the treatment and the cares of this disease. Material and method. Study with qualitative methodology and theoretical based orientation. Results. Gathering of the most relevant actions of infirmary on cares and sanitary integral attention to the patient and his family. Conclusion. Make the palliative measures on the epidermolysis bullosa public (AU)

[Patients with oral anticoagulant therapy]. / Pacientes con tratamiento anticoagulante oral.

INTRODUCTION: patients with ACO treatment must have some knowledge about the risks it causes. For this, that medical personnel must give and proper education in quality and quantity both the patient and the family. OBJECTIVES: determine the knowledge level in relation with the treatment ACO that the patients treated have in an AP query in a rural healthy area like is Plasencia. MATERIAL AND METHOD: an observational descriptive retrospective study was conducted with 34 patients who was being treated with ACO. Data about pathologies, biometrics parameters about the clinical historical and interviews with the patients in the nurse query were picked up. RESULTS: when the data were analyzed, the number of the patients according to the sex was equaled. Not according to the ages: people between 80-90 years old were the 26.5% from the total. About the pathologies causatives of the treatment, the FA is the most frequent with the 50%, followed by the pulmonary thromboembolism with the 23%. The control of the results was distributed controlling the youngest people at the hospital, the oldest people in AP. In relation with the tracing of the treatment, people with FA and valve prosthesis were the people most fulfilled. DISCUSSION: To the medical personnel it is necessary to know the patient ACO profile, as the risk associated treatment. Young patients with cardiovascular pathologies are controlled at the hospital for they most variation in results, controlled in older primary care patients (AP) and rural residents have greater grip and better control. With this knowledge, medical personnel would make interventions for help adherence, monitoring control, treatment as well as the collaboration of family.